Book
History Books
PAPER – I
1. Sources:
Archaeological sources:
Exploration, excavation, epigraphy, numismatics, monuments
Literary sources:
Indigenous: Primary and secondary; poetry, scientific literature, literature, literature in regional languages, religious literature.
Foreign accounts: Greek, Chinese and Arab writers.
2. Pre-history and Proto-history:
Geographical factors; hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic); Beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic).
3. Indus Valley Civilization:
Origin, date, extent, characteristics, decline, survival and significance, art and architecture.
4. Megalithic Cultures:
Distribution of pastoral and farming cultures outside the Indus, Development of community life, Settlements, Development of agriculture, Crafts, Pottery, and Iron industry.
5. Aryans and Vedic Period:
Expansions of Aryans in India.
Vedic Period: Religious and philosophic literature; Transformation from Rig Vedic period to the later Vedic period; Political, social and economical life; Significance of the Vedic Age; Evolution of Monarchy and Varna system.
6. Period of Mahajanapadas:
Formation of States (Mahajanapada) : Republics and monarchies; Rise of urban centres; Trade routes; Economic growth; Introduction of coinage; Spread of Jainism and Buddhism; Rise of Magadha and Nandas.
Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact.
7. Mauryan Empire:
Foundation of the Mauryan Empire, Chandragupta, Kautilya and Arthashastra; Ashoka; Concept of Dharma; Edicts; Polity, Administration; Economy; Art, architecture and sculpture; External contacts; Religion; Spread of religion; Literature.
Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas.
8. Post – Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas):
Contact with outside world; growth of urban centres, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art, architecture, culture, literature and science.
9. Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India:
Kharavela, The Satavahanas, Tamil States of the Sangam Age; Administration, economy, land grants, coinage, trade guilds and urban centres; Buddhist centres; Sangam literature and culture; Art and architecture.
10. Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas:
Polity and administration, Economic conditions, Coinage of the Guptas, Land grants, Decline of urban centres, Indian feudalism, Caste system, Position of women, Education and educational institutions; Nalanda, Vikramshila and Vallabhi, Literature, scientific literature, art and architecture.
11. Regional States during Gupta Era:
The Kadambas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami; Polity and Administration, Trade guilds, Literature; growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions. Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya; Vedanta; Institutions of temple and temple architecture; Palas, Senas, Rashtrakutas, Paramaras, Polity and administration; Cultural aspects. Arab conquest of Sind; Alberuni, The Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas, Hoysalas, Pandyas; Polity and Administration; local Government; Growth of art and architecture, religious sects, Institution of temple and Mathas, Agraharas, education and literature, economy and society.
12. Themes in Early Indian Cultural History:
Languages and texts, major stages in the evolution of art and architecture, major philosophical thinkers and schools, ideas in Science and Mathematics.
13. Early Medieval India, 750u20141200:
– Polity: Major political developments in Northern India and the Peninsula, origin and the rise of Rajputs
– The Cholas: administration, village economy and society
– u201cIndian Feudalismu201d
– Agrarian economy and urban settlements
– Trade and commerce
– Society: the status of the Brahman and the new social order
– Condition of women
– Indian science and technology
14. Cultural Traditions in India, 750u20141200:
– Philosophy: Skankaracharya and Vedanta, Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita, Madhva and Brahma-Mimansa
– Religion: Forms and features of religion, Tamil devotional cult, growth of Bhakti, Islam and its arrival in India, Sufism
– Literature: Literature in Sanskrit, growth of Tamil literature, literature in the newly developing languages, Kalhanu2019s Rajtarangini, Alberuniu2019s India
– Art and Architecture: Temple architecture, sculpture, painting
15. The Thirteenth Century:
– Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate: The Ghurian invasions u2013 factors behind Ghurian success
– Economic, social and cultural consequences
– Foundation of Delhi Sultanate and early Turkish Sultans
– Consolidation: The rule of Iltutmish and Balban
16. The Fourteenth Century:
– u201cThe Khalji Revolutionu201d
– Alauddin Khalji: Conquests and territorial expansion, agrarian and economic measures
– Muhammad Tughluq: Major projects, agrarian measures, bureaucracy of Muhammad Tughluq
– Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian measures, achievements in civil engineering and public works, decline of the Sultanate, foreign contacts and Ibn Battutau2019s account
17. Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries:
– Society: composition of rural society, ruling classes, town dwellers, women, religious classes, caste and slavery under the Sultanate, Bhakti movement, Sufi movement
– Culture: Persian literature, literature in the regional languages of North India, literature in the languages of South India, Sultanate architecture and new structural forms, painting, evolution of a composite culture
– Economy: Agricultural production, rise of urban economy and non-agricultural production, trade and commerce
18. The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century u2013 Political Developments and Economy:
– Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Bengal, Kashmir (Zainul Abedin), Gujarat, Malwa, Bahmanids
– The Vijayanagra Empire
– Lodis
– Mughal Empire, First phase: Babur and Humayun
– The Sur Empire: Sher Shahu2019s administration
– Portuguese Colonial enterprise
– Bhakti and Sufi Movements
19. The Fifteenth and early Sixteenth Century u2013 Society and Culture:
– Regional cultural specilicities
– Literary traditions
– Provincial architecture
– Society, culture, literature and the arts in Vijayanagara Empire.
20. Akbar:
– Conquests and consolidation of the Empire
– Establishment of Jagir and Mansab systems
– Rajput policy
– Evolution of religious and social outlook, theory of Sulh-i-kul and religious policy
– Court patronage of art and technology
21. Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century:
– Major administrative policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb
– The Empire and the Zamindars
– Religious policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb
– Nature of the Mughal State
– Late Seventeenth century crisis and the revolts
– The Ahom Kingdom
– Shivaji and the early Maratha Kingdom
22. Economy and Society in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries:
– Population, agricultural production, craft production
– Towns, commerce with Europe through Dutch, English and French companies : a trade revolution
– Indian mercantile classes, banking, insurance and credit systems
– Condition of peasants, condition of women
– Evolution of the Sikh community and the Khalsa Panth
23. Culture in the Mughal Empire:
– Persian histories and other literature
– Hindi and other religious literature
– Mughal architecture
– Mughal painting
– Provincial architecture and painting
– Classical music
– Science and technology
24. The Eighteenth Century:
– Factors for the decline of the Mughal Empire
– The regional principalities: Nizamu2019s Deccan, Bengal, Awadh
– Maratha ascendancy under the Peshwas
– The Maratha fiscal and financial system
– Emergence of Afghan Power, Battle of Panipat:1761
– State of politics, culture and economy on the eve of the British conquest53
PAPER – II
1. European Penetration into India:
The Early European Settlements; The Portuguese and the Dutch; The English and the French East India Companies; Their struggle for supremacy; Carnatic Wars; Bengalu2014The conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal; Siraj and the English; The Battle of Plassey; Significance of Plassey.
2. British Expansion in India:
Bengalu2014Mir Jafar and Mir Kasim; The Battle of Buxar; Mysore; The Marathas; The three Anglo-Maratha Wars; The Punjab.
3. Early Structure of the British Raj:
The early administrative structure; From diarchy to direct control; The Regulating Act (1773); The Pittu2019s India Act (1784); The Charter Act (1833); The voice of free trade and the changing character of British colonial rule; The English utilitarian and India.
4. Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule:
(a) Land revenue settlements in British India; The Permanent Settlement; Ryotwari Settlement; Mahalwari Settlement; Economic impact of the revenue arrangements; Commercialization of agriculture; Rise of landless agrarian labourers; Impoverishment of the rural society.
(b) Dislocation of traditional trade and commerce; De-industrialisation; Decline of traditional crafts; Drain of wealth; Economic transformation of India; Railroad and communication network including telegraph and postal services; Famine and poverty in the rural interior; European business enterprise and its limitations.
5. Social and Cultural Developments:
The state of indigenous education, its dislocation; Orientalist-Anglicist controversy, The introduction of western education in India; The rise of press, literature and public opinion; The rise of modern vernacular literature; Progress of science; Christian missionary activities in India.
6. Social and Religious Reform movements in Bengal and Other Areas:
Ram Mohan Roy, The Brahmo Movement; Devendranath Tagore; Iswarchandra Vidyasagar;
The Young Bengal Movement; Dayanada Saraswati; The social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage etc.; The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalismu2014the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements.
7. Indian Response to British Rule:
Peasant movements and tribal uprisings in the 18th and 19th centuries including the Rangpur Dhing (1783), the Kol Rebellion (1832), the Mopla Rebellion in Malabar (1841u20141920), the Santal Hul (1855), Indigo Rebellion (1859-60), Deccan Uprising (1875) and the Munda Ulgulan (1899-1900); The Great Revolt of 1857 – Origin, character, causes of failure, the consequences; The shift in the character of peasant uprisings in the postu20141857 period; the
peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s.
8. Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism; Politics of Association; The Foundation of the Indian National Congress; The Safety-valve thesis relating to the birth of the Congress; Programme and objectives of Early Congress; the social composition of early Congress leadership; the Moderates and Extremists; The Partition of Bengal (1905); The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal; the economic and political aspects of Swadeshi Movement; The
beginning of revolutionary extremism in India.
9. Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhiu2019s popular appeal; Rowlatt Satyagraha; the Khilafat Movement; the Non-cooperation Movement; National politics from the end of the Non-cooperation movement to the beginning of the Civil Disobedience movement; the two phases of the Civil Disobedience Movement; Simon Commission; The Nehru Report; the Round Table Conferences; Nationalism and the Peasant Movements; Nationalism and Working Class Movements; Women and Indian youth and students in Indian politics (1885-1947); the election of 1937 and the formation of ministries; Cripps Mission; the Quit India Movement; the Wavell Plan; The Cabinet Mission.
10. Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935.
11. Other strands in the National Movement :
The Revolutionaries: Bengal, the Punjab, Maharashtra, U.P, the Madras Presidency, Outside India.
The Left; The Left within the Congress: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, the Congress Socialist Party; the Communist Party of India, other left parties.
12. Politics of Separatism; the Muslim League; the Hindu Mahasabha; Communalism and the politics of partition; Transfer of power; Independence.
13. Consolidation as a Nation; Nehruu2019s Foreign Policy; India and her neighbours (1947-1964);
The linguistic reorganisation of States (1935-1947); Regionalism and regional inequality; Integration of Princely States; Princes in electoral politics; the Question of National Language.
14. Caste and Ethnicity after 1947; Backward castes and tribes in post-colonial electoral politics; Dalit movements.
15. Economic development and political change; Land reforms; the politics of planning and rural reconstruction; Ecology and environmental policy in post – colonial India; Progress of science.
16. Enlightenment and Modern ideas:
(i) Major ideas of Enlightenment: Kant, Rousseau.
(ii) Spread of Enlightenment in the colonies.
(iii) Rise of socialist ideas (up to Marx); spread of Marxian Socialism.
17. Origins of Modern Politics:
(i) European States System.
(ii) American Revolution and the Constitution.
(iii) French revolution and aftermath, 1789-1815.
(iv) American Civil War with reference to Abraham Lincoln and the abolition of slavery.
(v) British Democratic Politics, 1815-1850; Parliamentary Reformers, Free Traders, Chartists.
18. Industrialization:
(i) English Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impact on Society.
(ii) Industrialization in other countries: USA, Germany, Russia, Japan.
(iii) Industrialization and Globalization.
19. Nation-State System:
(i) Rise of Nationalism in 19th century.
(ii) Nationalism: State-building in Germany and Italy.
(iii) Disintegration of Empires in the face of the emergence of nationalities across the world.
20. Imperialism and Colonialism:
(i) South and South-East Asia.
(ii) Latin America and South Africa.
(iii) Australia.
(iv) Imperialism and free trade: Rise of neo-imperialism.
21. Revolution and Counter-Revolution:
(i) 19th Century European revolutions.
(ii) The Russian Revolution of 1917-1921.
(iii) Fascist Counter-Revolution, Italy and Germany.
(iv) The Chinese Revolution of 1949.
22. World Wars:
(i) 1st and 2nd World Wars as Total Wars: Societal implications.
(ii) World War I: Causes and consequences.
(iii) World War II: Causes and consequence.
23. The World after World War II:
(i) Emergence of two power blocs.
(ii) Emergence of Third World and non-alignment.
(iii) UNO and the global disputes.
24. Liberation from Colonial Rule:
(i) Latin America-Bolivar.
(ii) Arab World-Egypt.
(iii) Africa-Apartheid to Democracy.
(iv) South-East Asia-Vietnam.
25. Decolonization and Underdevelopment:
(i) Factors constraining development: Latin America, Africa.
26. Unification of Europe:
(i) Post War Foundations: NATO and European Community.
(ii) Consolidation and Expansion of European Community.
(iii) European Union.
27. Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World:
(i) Factors leading to the collapse of Soviet communism and the Soviet Union, 1985-1991.
(ii) Political Changes in Eastern Europe 1989-2001.
(iii) End of the cold war and US ascendancy in the World as the lone superpower.
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PAPER – I
1. Sources:
Archaeological sources:
Exploration, excavation, epigraphy, numismatics, monuments
Literary sources:
Indigenous: Primary and secondary; poetry, scientific literature, literature, literature in regional languages, religious literature.
Foreign accounts: Greek, Chinese and Arab writers.
2. Pre-history and Proto-history:
Geographical factors; hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic); Beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic).
3. Indus Valley Civilization:
Origin, date, extent, characteristics, decline, survival and significance, art and architecture.
4. Megalithic Cultures:
Distribution of pastoral and farming cultures outside the Indus, Development of community life, Settlements, Development of agriculture, Crafts, Pottery, and Iron industry.
5. Aryans and Vedic Period:
Expansions of Aryans in India.
Vedic Period: Religious and philosophic literature; Transformation from Rig Vedic period to the later Vedic period; Political, social and economical life; Significance of the Vedic Age; Evolution of Monarchy and Varna system.
6. Period of Mahajanapadas:
Formation of States (Mahajanapada) : Republics and monarchies; Rise of urban centres; Trade routes; Economic growth; Introduction of coinage; Spread of Jainism and Buddhism; Rise of Magadha and Nandas.
Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact.
7. Mauryan Empire:
Foundation of the Mauryan Empire, Chandragupta, Kautilya and Arthashastra; Ashoka; Concept of Dharma; Edicts; Polity, Administration; Economy; Art, architecture and sculpture; External contacts; Religion; Spread of religion; Literature.
Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas.
8. Post – Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas):
Contact with outside world; growth of urban centres, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art, architecture, culture, literature and science.
9. Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India:
Kharavela, The Satavahanas, Tamil States of the Sangam Age; Administration, economy, land grants, coinage, trade guilds and urban centres; Buddhist centres; Sangam literature and culture; Art and architecture.
10. Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas:
Polity and administration, Economic conditions, Coinage of the Guptas, Land grants, Decline of urban centres, Indian feudalism, Caste system, Position of women, Education and educational institutions; Nalanda, Vikramshila and Vallabhi, Literature, scientific literature, art and architecture.
11. Regional States during Gupta Era:
The Kadambas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami; Polity and Administration, Trade guilds, Literature; growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions. Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya; Vedanta; Institutions of temple and temple architecture; Palas, Senas, Rashtrakutas, Paramaras, Polity and administration; Cultural aspects. Arab conquest of Sind; Alberuni, The Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas, Hoysalas, Pandyas; Polity and Administration; local Government; Growth of art and architecture, religious sects, Institution of temple and Mathas, Agraharas, education and literature, economy and society.
12. Themes in Early Indian Cultural History:
Languages and texts, major stages in the evolution of art and architecture, major philosophical thinkers and schools, ideas in Science and Mathematics.
13. Early Medieval India, 750u20141200:
– Polity: Major political developments in Northern India and the Peninsula, origin and the rise of Rajputs
– The Cholas: administration, village economy and society
– u201cIndian Feudalismu201d
– Agrarian economy and urban settlements
– Trade and commerce
– Society: the status of the Brahman and the new social order
– Condition of women
– Indian science and technology
14. Cultural Traditions in India, 750u20141200:
– Philosophy: Skankaracharya and Vedanta, Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita, Madhva and Brahma-Mimansa
– Religion: Forms and features of religion, Tamil devotional cult, growth of Bhakti, Islam and its arrival in India, Sufism
– Literature: Literature in Sanskrit, growth of Tamil literature, literature in the newly developing languages, Kalhanu2019s Rajtarangini, Alberuniu2019s India
– Art and Architecture: Temple architecture, sculpture, painting
15. The Thirteenth Century:
– Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate: The Ghurian invasions u2013 factors behind Ghurian success
– Economic, social and cultural consequences
– Foundation of Delhi Sultanate and early Turkish Sultans
– Consolidation: The rule of Iltutmish and Balban
16. The Fourteenth Century:
– u201cThe Khalji Revolutionu201d
– Alauddin Khalji: Conquests and territorial expansion, agrarian and economic measures
– Muhammad Tughluq: Major projects, agrarian measures, bureaucracy of Muhammad Tughluq
– Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian measures, achievements in civil engineering and public works, decline of the Sultanate, foreign contacts and Ibn Battutau2019s account
17. Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries:
– Society: composition of rural society, ruling classes, town dwellers, women, religious classes, caste and slavery under the Sultanate, Bhakti movement, Sufi movement
– Culture: Persian literature, literature in the regional languages of North India, literature in the languages of South India, Sultanate architecture and new structural forms, painting, evolution of a composite culture
– Economy: Agricultural production, rise of urban economy and non-agricultural production, trade and commerce
18. The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century u2013 Political Developments and Economy:
– Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Bengal, Kashmir (Zainul Abedin), Gujarat, Malwa, Bahmanids
– The Vijayanagra Empire
– Lodis
– Mughal Empire, First phase: Babur and Humayun
– The Sur Empire: Sher Shahu2019s administration
– Portuguese Colonial enterprise
– Bhakti and Sufi Movements
19. The Fifteenth and early Sixteenth Century u2013 Society and Culture:
– Regional cultural specilicities
– Literary traditions
– Provincial architecture
– Society, culture, literature and the arts in Vijayanagara Empire.
20. Akbar:
– Conquests and consolidation of the Empire
– Establishment of Jagir and Mansab systems
– Rajput policy
– Evolution of religious and social outlook, theory of Sulh-i-kul and religious policy
– Court patronage of art and technology
21. Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century:
– Major administrative policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb
– The Empire and the Zamindars
– Religious policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb
– Nature of the Mughal State
– Late Seventeenth century crisis and the revolts
– The Ahom Kingdom
– Shivaji and the early Maratha Kingdom
22. Economy and Society in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries:
– Population, agricultural production, craft production
– Towns, commerce with Europe through Dutch, English and French companies : a trade revolution
– Indian mercantile classes, banking, insurance and credit systems
– Condition of peasants, condition of women
– Evolution of the Sikh community and the Khalsa Panth
23. Culture in the Mughal Empire:
– Persian histories and other literature
– Hindi and other religious literature
– Mughal architecture
– Mughal painting
– Provincial architecture and painting
– Classical music
– Science and technology
24. The Eighteenth Century:
– Factors for the decline of the Mughal Empire
– The regional principalities: Nizamu2019s Deccan, Bengal, Awadh
– Maratha ascendancy under the Peshwas
– The Maratha fiscal and financial system
– Emergence of Afghan Power, Battle of Panipat:1761
– State of politics, culture and economy on the eve of the British conquest53
PAPER – II
1. European Penetration into India:
The Early European Settlements; The Portuguese and the Dutch; The English and the French East India Companies; Their struggle for supremacy; Carnatic Wars; Bengalu2014The conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal; Siraj and the English; The Battle of Plassey; Significance of Plassey.
2. British Expansion in India:
Bengalu2014Mir Jafar and Mir Kasim; The Battle of Buxar; Mysore; The Marathas; The three Anglo-Maratha Wars; The Punjab.
3. Early Structure of the British Raj:
The early administrative structure; From diarchy to direct control; The Regulating Act (1773); The Pittu2019s India Act (1784); The Charter Act (1833); The voice of free trade and the changing character of British colonial rule; The English utilitarian and India.
4. Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule:
(a) Land revenue settlements in British India; The Permanent Settlement; Ryotwari Settlement; Mahalwari Settlement; Economic impact of the revenue arrangements; Commercialization of agriculture; Rise of landless agrarian labourers; Impoverishment of the rural society.
(b) Dislocation of traditional trade and commerce; De-industrialisation; Decline of traditional crafts; Drain of wealth; Economic transformation of India; Railroad and communication network including telegraph and postal services; Famine and poverty in the rural interior; European business enterprise and its limitations.
5. Social and Cultural Developments:
The state of indigenous education, its dislocation; Orientalist-Anglicist controversy, The introduction of western education in India; The rise of press, literature and public opinion; The rise of modern vernacular literature; Progress of science; Christian missionary activities in India.
6. Social and Religious Reform movements in Bengal and Other Areas:
Ram Mohan Roy, The Brahmo Movement; Devendranath Tagore; Iswarchandra Vidyasagar;
The Young Bengal Movement; Dayanada Saraswati; The social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage etc.; The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalismu2014the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements.
The Young Bengal Movement; Dayanada Saraswati; The social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage etc.; The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalismu2014the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements.
7. Indian Response to British Rule:
Peasant movements and tribal uprisings in the 18th and 19th centuries including the Rangpur Dhing (1783), the Kol Rebellion (1832), the Mopla Rebellion in Malabar (1841u20141920), the Santal Hul (1855), Indigo Rebellion (1859-60), Deccan Uprising (1875) and the Munda Ulgulan (1899-1900); The Great Revolt of 1857 – Origin, character, causes of failure, the consequences; The shift in the character of peasant uprisings in the postu20141857 period; the
peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s.
peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s.
8. Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism; Politics of Association; The Foundation of the Indian National Congress; The Safety-valve thesis relating to the birth of the Congress; Programme and objectives of Early Congress; the social composition of early Congress leadership; the Moderates and Extremists; The Partition of Bengal (1905); The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal; the economic and political aspects of Swadeshi Movement; The
beginning of revolutionary extremism in India.
beginning of revolutionary extremism in India.
9. Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhiu2019s popular appeal; Rowlatt Satyagraha; the Khilafat Movement; the Non-cooperation Movement; National politics from the end of the Non-cooperation movement to the beginning of the Civil Disobedience movement; the two phases of the Civil Disobedience Movement; Simon Commission; The Nehru Report; the Round Table Conferences; Nationalism and the Peasant Movements; Nationalism and Working Class Movements; Women and Indian youth and students in Indian politics (1885-1947); the election of 1937 and the formation of ministries; Cripps Mission; the Quit India Movement; the Wavell Plan; The Cabinet Mission.
10. Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935.
11. Other strands in the National Movement :
10. Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935.
11. Other strands in the National Movement :
The Revolutionaries: Bengal, the Punjab, Maharashtra, U.P, the Madras Presidency, Outside India.
The Left; The Left within the Congress: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, the Congress Socialist Party; the Communist Party of India, other left parties.
12. Politics of Separatism; the Muslim League; the Hindu Mahasabha; Communalism and the politics of partition; Transfer of power; Independence.
13. Consolidation as a Nation; Nehruu2019s Foreign Policy; India and her neighbours (1947-1964);
The linguistic reorganisation of States (1935-1947); Regionalism and regional inequality; Integration of Princely States; Princes in electoral politics; the Question of National Language.
The linguistic reorganisation of States (1935-1947); Regionalism and regional inequality; Integration of Princely States; Princes in electoral politics; the Question of National Language.
14. Caste and Ethnicity after 1947; Backward castes and tribes in post-colonial electoral politics; Dalit movements.
15. Economic development and political change; Land reforms; the politics of planning and rural reconstruction; Ecology and environmental policy in post – colonial India; Progress of science.
16. Enlightenment and Modern ideas:
(i) Major ideas of Enlightenment: Kant, Rousseau.
(ii) Spread of Enlightenment in the colonies.
(iii) Rise of socialist ideas (up to Marx); spread of Marxian Socialism.
17. Origins of Modern Politics:
(i) European States System.
(ii) American Revolution and the Constitution.
(iii) French revolution and aftermath, 1789-1815.
(iv) American Civil War with reference to Abraham Lincoln and the abolition of slavery.
(v) British Democratic Politics, 1815-1850; Parliamentary Reformers, Free Traders, Chartists.
18. Industrialization:
(i) English Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impact on Society.
(ii) Industrialization in other countries: USA, Germany, Russia, Japan.
(iii) Industrialization and Globalization.
19. Nation-State System:
(i) Rise of Nationalism in 19th century.
(ii) Nationalism: State-building in Germany and Italy.
(iii) Disintegration of Empires in the face of the emergence of nationalities across the world.
20. Imperialism and Colonialism:
(i) South and South-East Asia.
(ii) Latin America and South Africa.
(iii) Australia.
(iv) Imperialism and free trade: Rise of neo-imperialism.
21. Revolution and Counter-Revolution:
(i) 19th Century European revolutions.
(ii) The Russian Revolution of 1917-1921.
(iii) Fascist Counter-Revolution, Italy and Germany.
(iv) The Chinese Revolution of 1949.
22. World Wars:
(i) 1st and 2nd World Wars as Total Wars: Societal implications.
(ii) World War I: Causes and consequences.
(iii) World War II: Causes and consequence.
23. The World after World War II:
(i) Emergence of two power blocs.
(ii) Emergence of Third World and non-alignment.
(iii) UNO and the global disputes.
24. Liberation from Colonial Rule:
(i) Latin America-Bolivar.
(ii) Arab World-Egypt.
(iii) Africa-Apartheid to Democracy.
(iv) South-East Asia-Vietnam.
25. Decolonization and Underdevelopment:
(i) Factors constraining development: Latin America, Africa.
26. Unification of Europe:
(i) Post War Foundations: NATO and European Community.
(ii) Consolidation and Expansion of European Community.
(iii) European Union.
27. Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World:
(i) Factors leading to the collapse of Soviet communism and the Soviet Union, 1985-1991.
(ii) Political Changes in Eastern Europe 1989-2001.
(iii) End of the cold war and US ascendancy in the World as the lone superpower.
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Economics Books
Reference Books of Economics for Punjab Civil Services
An Introduction to Economics – A W Stonier and D C Hauge
Monetary Theory and Public Policy – Kenneth Kurihara
Outline of Monetary Economics – A.C I Day Public Finance – H L Bhatia
Modern Banking – R S Sayers
Indian Economy – Mishra and Puri
Macro Economic Analysis – Edward Shapiro
Indian Economy – R. Dutt and KPM Sundaram
Economic Growth and Development – Mayer and Baldwin
Public Finance – K K Andley and Sundharam
International Economics – Bo Sodersten
National Income Accounting – Bakerman
Economics Choice – Koutsweanik
Banking – SB Gupta
International Trade – Bo Sodersten
The Economic Times and Economical and Political Weekly
Dictionary of Economics – Graham Bannock; TE Baxter, Ray Rees (Penguin)
Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – Paul A Samuelson
The Hindu: Survey of Agriculture & Survey of Industry
Others
Dictionary of Economics – Graham Bannock; TE Baxter, Ray Rees (Penguin)
Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – Paul A. Samuelson
The Hindu: Survey of Agriculture & Survey of Industry
An Introduction to Economics – A W Stonier and D C Hauge
Monetary Theory and Public Policy – Kenneth Kurihara –
Economic Survey: Eighth Five Year Plan: New Industrial Policy – Government of India
Outline of Monetary Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – A.C I Day Public Finance – H
L Bhatia – Buy from Amazon.in Modern Banking (Read Relevant Chapters) – R S Sayers
Indian Economy – Mishra and Puri
Macro Economic Analysis – Edward Shapiro
Indian Economy – R. Dutt and KPM Sundaram
Money Supply in India: Concepts, Compilation and Analysis (Sec.1-3 New Series only): Functions and Working (Read Relevant Chapters) – Reserve Bank of India
Economic Growth and Development – Mayer and Baldwin
Public Finance – K K Andley and Sundaram
International Economics – Bo Sodersten
National Income Accounting – Bakerman
Economics Choice – Koutsweanik Banking – S.B. Gupta
International Trade – Bo Sodersten The Economic Times and Economical and Political Weekly
Reference Books of Economics for Punjab Civil Services
An Introduction to Economics – A W Stonier and D C Hauge
Monetary Theory and Public Policy – Kenneth Kurihara
Outline of Monetary Economics – A.C I Day Public Finance – H L Bhatia
Modern Banking – R S Sayers
Indian Economy – Mishra and Puri
Macro Economic Analysis – Edward Shapiro
Indian Economy – R. Dutt and KPM Sundaram
Economic Growth and Development – Mayer and Baldwin
Public Finance – K K Andley and Sundharam
International Economics – Bo Sodersten
National Income Accounting – Bakerman
Economics Choice – Koutsweanik
Banking – SB Gupta
International Trade – Bo Sodersten
The Economic Times and Economical and Political Weekly
Dictionary of Economics – Graham Bannock; TE Baxter, Ray Rees (Penguin)
Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – Paul A Samuelson
The Hindu: Survey of Agriculture & Survey of Industry
Others
Dictionary of Economics – Graham Bannock; TE Baxter, Ray Rees (Penguin)
Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – Paul A. Samuelson
The Hindu: Survey of Agriculture & Survey of Industry
An Introduction to Economics – A W Stonier and D C Hauge
Monetary Theory and Public Policy – Kenneth Kurihara –
Economic Survey: Eighth Five Year Plan: New Industrial Policy – Government of India
Outline of Monetary Economics (Read Relevant Chapters) – A.C I Day Public Finance – H
L Bhatia – Buy from Amazon.in Modern Banking (Read Relevant Chapters) – R S Sayers
Indian Economy – Mishra and Puri
Macro Economic Analysis – Edward Shapiro
Indian Economy – R. Dutt and KPM Sundaram
Money Supply in India: Concepts, Compilation and Analysis (Sec.1-3 New Series only): Functions and Working (Read Relevant Chapters) – Reserve Bank of India
Economic Growth and Development – Mayer and Baldwin
Public Finance – K K Andley and Sundaram
International Economics – Bo Sodersten
National Income Accounting – Bakerman
Economics Choice – Koutsweanik Banking – S.B. Gupta
International Trade – Bo Sodersten The Economic Times and Economical and Political Weekly
Management
The candidate should make a study of the concept and development of management as science and art drawing upon the contributions of leading thinkers of management and apply the concepts to the real life of Government and business decision making keeping in view the changes in the strategic and operative environment.
PAPER – I
1. Managerial Function and Process :
Concept and Foundations of Management, Evolution of Management Thoughts; Managerial Functions – Planning, Organizing, Controlling; Decision making; Role of Manager, Managerial skills; Entrepreneurship; Management of innovation; Managing in a global environment, Flexible Systems Management; Social responsibility and managerial ethics; Process and customer orientation; Managerial processes on direct and indirect value chain.
2. Organisational Behaviour and Design :
Conceptual model of organization behaviour; The individual processes – personality, values and attitude, perception, motivation, learning and reinforcement, work stress and stress management; The dynamics of organization behaviour – power and politics, conflict and negotiation, leadership process and styles, communication; The Organizational Processes – decision making, job design; Classical, Neoclassical and Contingency approaches to organizational design; Organizational theory and design – organizational culture, managing cultural diversity, learning organization; organizational change and development; Knowledge Based Enterprise – systems and processes; Networked and virtual organizations.
3. Human Resource Management :
HR challenges; HRM functions; The future challenges of HRM; Strategic Management of human resources; Human resource planning; Job analysis; Job evaluation; Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Promotion and transfer; Performance management; Compensation management and benefits; Employee morale and productivity; Management of organizational climate and Industrial relations; Human resources accounting and audit; Human resource information system; International human resource management.
4. Accounting for Managers :
Financial accounting – concept, importance and scope, generally accepted accounting principles, preparation of financial statements with special reference to analysis of a balance sheet and measurement of business income, inventory valuation and depreciation, financial statement analysis, fund flow analysis, the statement of cash flows; Management accounting – concept, need, importance and scope; Cost accounting – records and processes, cost ledger and control accounts, reconciliation and integration between financial and cost accounts; Overhead cost and control, Job and process costing, Budget and budgetary control, Performance budgeting, Zerobase budgeting, relevant costing and costing for decision-making, standard costing and variance analysis, marginal costing and absorption costing.
5. Financial Management :
Goals of finance function; Concepts of value and return; Valuation of bonds and shares; Management of working capital: Estimation and financing; Management of cash, receivables, inventory and current liabilities; Cost of capital; Capital budgeting; Financial and operating leverage; Design of capital structure: theories and practices; Shareholder value creation: 61 dividend policy, corporate financial policy and strategy, management of corporate distress and restructuring strategy; Capital and money markets: institutions and instruments; Leasing, hire purchase and venture capital; Regulation of capital market; Risk and return: portfolio theory; CAPM; APT; Financial derivatives: option, futures, swap; Recent reforms in financial sector.
6. Marketing Management :
Concept, evolution and scope; Marketing strategy formulation and components of marketing plan; Sogmenting and targeting the market; Positioning and differentiating the market offering; Analyzing competition; Analyzing consumer markets; Industrial buyer behaviour; Market research; Product strategy; Pricing strategies; Designing and managing Marketing channels; Integrated marketing communications; Building customer satisfaction, Value and retention; Services and non-profit marketing; Ethics in marketing; Consumer protection; Internet marketing; Retail management; Customer relationship management; Concept of holistic marketing.
PAPER – II
1. Quantitative Techniques in Decision Making:
Descriptive statistics – tabular, graphical and numerical methods, introduction to probability, discrete and continuous probability distributions, inferential statistics-sampling distributions, central limit theorem, hypothesis testing for differences between means and proportions, inference about population variances, Chi-square and ANOVA, simple correlation and regression, time series and forecasting, decision theory, index numbers; Linear programming – problem formulation, simplex method and graphical solution, sensitivity analysis.
2. Production and Operations Management:
Fundamentals of operations management; Organizing for production; Aggregate production planning, capacity planning, plant design: process planning, plant size and scale of operations, Management of facilities; Line balancing; Equipment replacement and maintenance; Production control; Supply chain management – vendor evaluation and audit; Quality management; Statistical process control, Six Sigma; Flexibility and agility in manufacturing systems; World class manufacturing; Project management concepts, R&D management, Management of service operations; Role and importance of materials management, value analysis, make or buy decision; Inventory control, MRP; Waste management.
3. Management Information System:
Conceptual foundations of information systems; Information theory; Information resource management; Types of information systems; Systems development – Overview of systems and design; System development management life-cycle, Designing for online and distributed environments; Implementation and control of project; Trends in information technology; Managing data resources – Organising data; DSS and RDBMS; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Expert systems, e-Business architecture, e-Governance; Information systems planning, Flexibility in information systems; User involvement; Evaluation of information systems.
4. Government Business Interface:
State participation in business, Interaction between Government, Business and different Chambers of Commerce and Industry in India; Government’s policy with regard to Small Scale Industries; Government clearances for establishing a new enterprise; Public Distribution System; Government control over price and distribution; Consumer Protection Act (CPA) and The Role 62 of voluntary organizations in protecting consumers’ rights; New Industrial Policy of the Government: liberalization, deregulation and privatisation; Indian planning system; Government policy concerning development of Backward areas/regions; The Responsibilities of the business as well as the Government to protect the environment; Corporate Governance; Cyber Laws.
5. Strategic Management:
Business policy as a field of study; Nature and scope of strategic management, Strategic intent, vision, objectives and policies; Process of strategic planning and implementation; Environmental analysis and internal analysis; SWOT analysis; Tools and techniques for strategic analysis— Impact matrix: The experience curve, BCG matrix, GEC mode, Industry analysis, Concept of value chain; Strategic profile of a firm; Framework for analysing competition; Competitive advantage of a firm; Generic competitive strategies; Growth strategies—expansion, integration and diversification; Concept of core competence, Strategic flexibility; Reinventing strategy; Strategy and structure; Chief Executive and Board; Turnaround management; Management of strategic change; Strategic alliances, Mergers and Acquisitions; Strategy and corporate evolution in the Indian context.
6. International Business:
International Business Environment: Changing composition of trade in goods and services; India’s Foreign Trade: Policy and trends; Financing of International trade; Regional Economic Cooperation; FTAs; Internationalisation of service firms; International production; Operation Management in International companies; International Taxation; Global competitiveness and technological developments; Global e-Business; Designing global organisational structure and control; Multicultural management; Global business strategy; Global marketing strategies; Export Management; Export—Import procedures; Joint Ventures; Foreign Investment: Foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment; Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions; Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure Management; World Financial Markets and International Banking; External Debt Management; Country Risk Analysis.
The candidate should make a study of the concept and development of management as science and art drawing upon the contributions of leading thinkers of management and apply the concepts to the real life of Government and business decision making keeping in view the changes in the strategic and operative environment.
PAPER – I
1. Managerial Function and Process :
Concept and Foundations of Management, Evolution of Management Thoughts; Managerial Functions – Planning, Organizing, Controlling; Decision making; Role of Manager, Managerial skills; Entrepreneurship; Management of innovation; Managing in a global environment, Flexible Systems Management; Social responsibility and managerial ethics; Process and customer orientation; Managerial processes on direct and indirect value chain.
2. Organisational Behaviour and Design :
Conceptual model of organization behaviour; The individual processes – personality, values and attitude, perception, motivation, learning and reinforcement, work stress and stress management; The dynamics of organization behaviour – power and politics, conflict and negotiation, leadership process and styles, communication; The Organizational Processes – decision making, job design; Classical, Neoclassical and Contingency approaches to organizational design; Organizational theory and design – organizational culture, managing cultural diversity, learning organization; organizational change and development; Knowledge Based Enterprise – systems and processes; Networked and virtual organizations.
3. Human Resource Management :
HR challenges; HRM functions; The future challenges of HRM; Strategic Management of human resources; Human resource planning; Job analysis; Job evaluation; Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Promotion and transfer; Performance management; Compensation management and benefits; Employee morale and productivity; Management of organizational climate and Industrial relations; Human resources accounting and audit; Human resource information system; International human resource management.
4. Accounting for Managers :
Financial accounting – concept, importance and scope, generally accepted accounting principles, preparation of financial statements with special reference to analysis of a balance sheet and measurement of business income, inventory valuation and depreciation, financial statement analysis, fund flow analysis, the statement of cash flows; Management accounting – concept, need, importance and scope; Cost accounting – records and processes, cost ledger and control accounts, reconciliation and integration between financial and cost accounts; Overhead cost and control, Job and process costing, Budget and budgetary control, Performance budgeting, Zerobase budgeting, relevant costing and costing for decision-making, standard costing and variance analysis, marginal costing and absorption costing.
5. Financial Management :
Goals of finance function; Concepts of value and return; Valuation of bonds and shares; Management of working capital: Estimation and financing; Management of cash, receivables, inventory and current liabilities; Cost of capital; Capital budgeting; Financial and operating leverage; Design of capital structure: theories and practices; Shareholder value creation: 61 dividend policy, corporate financial policy and strategy, management of corporate distress and restructuring strategy; Capital and money markets: institutions and instruments; Leasing, hire purchase and venture capital; Regulation of capital market; Risk and return: portfolio theory; CAPM; APT; Financial derivatives: option, futures, swap; Recent reforms in financial sector.
6. Marketing Management :
Concept, evolution and scope; Marketing strategy formulation and components of marketing plan; Sogmenting and targeting the market; Positioning and differentiating the market offering; Analyzing competition; Analyzing consumer markets; Industrial buyer behaviour; Market research; Product strategy; Pricing strategies; Designing and managing Marketing channels; Integrated marketing communications; Building customer satisfaction, Value and retention; Services and non-profit marketing; Ethics in marketing; Consumer protection; Internet marketing; Retail management; Customer relationship management; Concept of holistic marketing.
PAPER – II
1. Quantitative Techniques in Decision Making:
Descriptive statistics – tabular, graphical and numerical methods, introduction to probability, discrete and continuous probability distributions, inferential statistics-sampling distributions, central limit theorem, hypothesis testing for differences between means and proportions, inference about population variances, Chi-square and ANOVA, simple correlation and regression, time series and forecasting, decision theory, index numbers; Linear programming – problem formulation, simplex method and graphical solution, sensitivity analysis.
2. Production and Operations Management:
Fundamentals of operations management; Organizing for production; Aggregate production planning, capacity planning, plant design: process planning, plant size and scale of operations, Management of facilities; Line balancing; Equipment replacement and maintenance; Production control; Supply chain management – vendor evaluation and audit; Quality management; Statistical process control, Six Sigma; Flexibility and agility in manufacturing systems; World class manufacturing; Project management concepts, R&D management, Management of service operations; Role and importance of materials management, value analysis, make or buy decision; Inventory control, MRP; Waste management.
3. Management Information System:
Conceptual foundations of information systems; Information theory; Information resource management; Types of information systems; Systems development – Overview of systems and design; System development management life-cycle, Designing for online and distributed environments; Implementation and control of project; Trends in information technology; Managing data resources – Organising data; DSS and RDBMS; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Expert systems, e-Business architecture, e-Governance; Information systems planning, Flexibility in information systems; User involvement; Evaluation of information systems.
4. Government Business Interface:
State participation in business, Interaction between Government, Business and different Chambers of Commerce and Industry in India; Government’s policy with regard to Small Scale Industries; Government clearances for establishing a new enterprise; Public Distribution System; Government control over price and distribution; Consumer Protection Act (CPA) and The Role 62 of voluntary organizations in protecting consumers’ rights; New Industrial Policy of the Government: liberalization, deregulation and privatisation; Indian planning system; Government policy concerning development of Backward areas/regions; The Responsibilities of the business as well as the Government to protect the environment; Corporate Governance; Cyber Laws.
5. Strategic Management:
Business policy as a field of study; Nature and scope of strategic management, Strategic intent, vision, objectives and policies; Process of strategic planning and implementation; Environmental analysis and internal analysis; SWOT analysis; Tools and techniques for strategic analysis— Impact matrix: The experience curve, BCG matrix, GEC mode, Industry analysis, Concept of value chain; Strategic profile of a firm; Framework for analysing competition; Competitive advantage of a firm; Generic competitive strategies; Growth strategies—expansion, integration and diversification; Concept of core competence, Strategic flexibility; Reinventing strategy; Strategy and structure; Chief Executive and Board; Turnaround management; Management of strategic change; Strategic alliances, Mergers and Acquisitions; Strategy and corporate evolution in the Indian context.
6. International Business:
International Business Environment: Changing composition of trade in goods and services; India’s Foreign Trade: Policy and trends; Financing of International trade; Regional Economic Cooperation; FTAs; Internationalisation of service firms; International production; Operation Management in International companies; International Taxation; Global competitiveness and technological developments; Global e-Business; Designing global organisational structure and control; Multicultural management; Global business strategy; Global marketing strategies; Export Management; Export—Import procedures; Joint Ventures; Foreign Investment: Foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment; Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions; Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure Management; World Financial Markets and International Banking; External Debt Management; Country Risk Analysis.
Medical Science
PAPER – I
1. Human Anatomy:
Applied anatomy including blood and nerve supply of upper and lower limbs and joints of shoulder, hip and knee. Gross anatomy, blood supply and lymphatic drainage of tongue, thyroid, mammary gland, stomach, liver, prostate, gonads and uterus Applied anatomy of diaphragm, perineum and inguinal region. Clinical anatomy of kidney, urinary bladder, uterine tubes, vas deferens. Embryology: Placenta and placental barrier. Development of heart, gut, kidney, uterus, ovary, testis and their common congenital abnormalities. Central and peripheral autonomic nervous system : Gross and clinical anatomy of ventricles of brain, circulation of cerebrospinal fluid; Neural pathways and lesions of cutaneous sensations, hearing and vision; Cranial nerves, distribution and clinical significance; Components of autonomic nervous system.
2. Human Physiology:
Conduction and transmission of impulse, mechanism of contraction, neuromuscular transmission, reflexes, control of equilibrium, posture and muscle tone, descending pathways, functions of cerebellum, basal ganglia, Physiology of sleep and consciousness. Endocrine system : Mechanism of action of hormones, formation, secretion, transport, metabolism, function and regulation of secretion of pancreas and pituitary gland. Physiology of reproductive system : menstrual cycle, lactation, pregnancy. Blood : Development, regulation and fate of blood cells. Cardio-vascular, cardiac output, blood pressure, regulation of cardiovascular functions.
3. Biochemistry:
Organ function tests-liver, kidney, thyroid. Protein synthesis. Vitamins and minerals. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Radio – immunoassays (RIA).
4. Pathology:
Inflammation and repair, disturbances of growth and cancer, Pathogenesis and histopathology of rheumatic and ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Differentiation between benign, malignant, primary and metastatic malignancies, Pathogenesis and histopathology of bronchogenic carcinoma, carcinoma breast, oral cancer, cancer cervix, leukemia, Etiology, pathogenesis and histopathology of – cirrhosis liver, glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, acute osteomyelitis.
5. Microbiology:
Humoral and cell mediated immunity Diseases caused by and laboratory diagnosis of-
* Meningococcus, Salmonella 70
* Shigella, Herpes, Dengue, Polio
* HIV/AIDS, Malaria, E. Histolytica, Giardia
* Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus
6. Pharmacology:
Mechanism of action and side effects of the following drugs :
* Antipyretics and analgesics, Antibiotics, Antimalaria; Antikala-azar, Antidiabetics
* Antihypertensive, Antidiuretics, General and cardiac vasodilators, Antiviral, Antiparasitic, Antifungal, Immunosuppressants
* Anticancer
7. Forensic Medicine and Toxicology:
Forensic examination of injuries and wounds; Examination of blood and seminal stains; poisoning, sedative overdose, hanging, drowning, burns, DNA and finger print study.
PAPER – II
1. General Medicine:
Etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and principles of management (including prevention) of: – Tetanus, Rabies, AIDS, Dengue, Kala-azar, Japanese Encephalitis. Etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and principles of management of : Ischaemic heart disease, pulmonary embolism. Bronchial asthma. Pleural effusion, tuberculosis, Malabsorption syndromes, acid peptic diseases, Viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of liver. Glomerulonerphritis and pyelonephritis, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, renovascular hypertension, complications of diabetes mellitus, coagulation disorders, leukemia, Hypo and hyper thyrodism, meningitis and encephalitis. Imaging in medical problems, ultrasound, echocardiogram, CT scan, MRI. Anxiety and Depressive Psychosis and schizophrenia and ECT.
2. Pediatrics:
Immunization, Baby friendly hospital, congenital cyanotic heart disease, respiratory distress syndrome, broncho – pneumonias, kernicterus. IMNCI classification and management, PEM grading and management. ARI and Diarrhea of under five and their management.
3. Dermatology:
Psoriasis, Allergic dermatitis, scabies, eczema, vitiligo, Stevan Johnson’s syndrome, Lichen Planus.
4. General Surgery:
Clinical features, causes, diagnosis and principles of management of cleft palate, harelip. Laryngeal tumor, oral and esophageal tumors. Peripheral arterial diseases, varicose veins, coarctation of aorta. Tumors of Thyroid, Adrenal Glands. Abscess, cancer, fibroadenoma and adenosis of breast. Bleeding peptic ulcer, tuberculosis of bowel, ulcerative colitis, cancer stomach. Renal mass, cancer Prostate. Haemothorax, stones of Gall bladder, Kidney, Ureter and Urinary Bladder. Management of surgical conditions of Rectum, Anus and Anal canal, Gall bladder and Bile ducts. Splenomegaly, cholecystitis, portal hypertension, liver abscess, peritonitis, carcinoma head of pancreas. Fractures of spine, Colles’ fracture and bone tumors. Endoscopy. Laprascopic Surgery.
5. Obstetrics and Gynaecology including Family Planning:
Diagnosis of pregnancy. Labour management, complications of 3rd stage, Antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, resuscitation of the newborn, Management of abnormal lie and difficult labour, Management of small for date or premature newborn. Diagnosis and management of anemia. Preeclampsia and Toxaemias of pregnancy, Management of Post menopausal Syndrome. Intra-uterine devices, pills, tubectomy and vasectomy. Medical termination of pregnancy including legal aspects. Cancer cervix. Leucorrhoea, pelvic pain, infertility, dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), amenorrhoea, Fibroid and prolapse of uterus.
6. Community Medicine (Preventive and Social Medicine):
Principles, methods, approach and measurements of Epidemiology. Nutrition, nutritional diseases / disorders & Nutrition Programmes. Health information Collection, Analysis and Presentation. Objectives, components and critical analysis of National programmes for control/eradication of : Malaria, Kala-azar, Filaria and Tuberculosis. HIV/AIDS, STDs and Dengue. Critical appraisal of Health care delivery system. Health management and administration : Techniques, Tools, Programme Implementation and Evaluation. Objective, Component, Goals and Status of Reproductive and Child Health, National Rural Health Mission and Millennium Development Goals. Management of hospital and industrial waste.
PCS Mains
Tips to prepare for MAINS examination
With the civil exams approaching near, candidates get worried with the load of syllabus. Here is the list of tips to crack MAINS examination successfully.
Planning is important:
Though, every exam demands planning, but in case of MAINS it cannot be missed in any case as it covers vast syllabus. Divide your syllabus and manage time accordingly.
Study beyond the basics:
MAINS exam demands your study beyond basics. The syllabus it covers is not merely the same that one can go through randomly and get success in the examination; rather it is very complicated and needs to be studied beyond carefully. Because the questions are subjective type, the candidates need to use smartness to link the available knowledge in your answers.
Groom up your writing skills:
MAINS examination or the written examination covers subjective type questions that need to be answered using your own knowledge. Though, it is a lengthy paper, so you need to develop a habit of writing fast to complete the examination wi9thin the given time.
Choose your optionals carefully:
Candidates are required to choose any two optionals for MAINS and it is very important to choose these subjects wisely. Many students choose the same optionals for prelims and MAINS, and consequently pay less attention while preparing for MAINS, assuming they have already studied the things. But, a candidate must avoid taking it so lightly because both the exams tackle with different levels of intelligence.
Be presentable with your answers:
Presentation is the first thing that makes the examiner checks your answer sheet with interest. Use proper spaces, diagrams, figures to make your answers stand out.
Prepare your notes:
Notes are the real books that you develop while preparation. Don’t miss to prepare your notes while preparing for civil exams, because these notes can help you easily revise the things before exams.
Hence, this competitive examination is all about studying smartly, using your intelligence and knowledge along with.
Tips to prepare for MAINS examination
With the civil exams approaching near, candidates get worried with the load of syllabus. Here is the list of tips to crack MAINS examination successfully.
Planning is important:
Though, every exam demands planning, but in case of MAINS it cannot be missed in any case as it covers vast syllabus. Divide your syllabus and manage time accordingly.
Study beyond the basics:
MAINS exam demands your study beyond basics. The syllabus it covers is not merely the same that one can go through randomly and get success in the examination; rather it is very complicated and needs to be studied beyond carefully. Because the questions are subjective type, the candidates need to use smartness to link the available knowledge in your answers.
Groom up your writing skills:
MAINS examination or the written examination covers subjective type questions that need to be answered using your own knowledge. Though, it is a lengthy paper, so you need to develop a habit of writing fast to complete the examination wi9thin the given time.
Choose your optionals carefully:
Candidates are required to choose any two optionals for MAINS and it is very important to choose these subjects wisely. Many students choose the same optionals for prelims and MAINS, and consequently pay less attention while preparing for MAINS, assuming they have already studied the things. But, a candidate must avoid taking it so lightly because both the exams tackle with different levels of intelligence.
Be presentable with your answers:
Presentation is the first thing that makes the examiner checks your answer sheet with interest. Use proper spaces, diagrams, figures to make your answers stand out.
Prepare your notes:
Notes are the real books that you develop while preparation. Don’t miss to prepare your notes while preparing for civil exams, because these notes can help you easily revise the things before exams.
Hence, this competitive examination is all about studying smartly, using your intelligence and knowledge along with.
PCS General Studies
Being the civil service candidates, you must have gained ample of knowledge in almost all the areas by now. You must be busy in preparing for general studies and sometimes may get frustrated with a lot to study. Since, if you are cool-headed you just need to stay relaxed and know the tips to crack the exam. in this article we will discuss the strategy required to get success in General studies. Additionally, this can help the candidates score well in optionals also.
How to organize General studies part:
Practice, as if you are appearing in the final examination:
- Prepare complete question papers and Start practicing them from the view point of final examination. Hence, you will learn time management and will not face any difficulty on the final day.
- If you fail to make it on time, try again and again until you make it.
- Don’t over exceed the word count, it will be wastage of time and space as well.
Show perfection in your answers:
- Scoring depends on how perfectly you answer your question, but smartness is to include the relevant information only in your answers.
Time Management:
It is very essential to manage the time while attempting your question paper. If you fail to do so, you develop the chances of failure in the examination.
Determine your writing skills:
- Check, the number of words you write on a single page as it will be easy for you to guess how many words you have written.
- Check out if your hand is not fast at writing.
- Make sure your writing is legible.
- Present your paper to catch the maximum attention.
- Use figures, diagrams and flowcharts to make your answers stand out and boost easy understanding of your thought.
- Question paper will include tags like: Comment, describe, discuss. Elaborate, Evaluate, Explain, Examine, Critically Appreciate, etc. understand the tags carefully before writing the answers.
Frame your answers in mind first:
It is necessary to catch the nerve of the question first before answering it. Then organize the answer in mind and start writing. It will ultimately check you from penning down irrelevant stuff.
Take part in group discussions:
Taking part in group discussions can help you give your thoughts a final shape. When the group of people is speaking on the same issue, there are chances of catching different information and different point of views from the group of people. Eventually, you improve your level of thinking as well as clarification level of your mind.
Read Newspapers:
General studies cover current affairs so the newspapers can serve as the best resource to stay updated and get the current information. The Hindu is the highly recommended newspaper. Along with this candidates can also go through Punjabi newspaper” Punjab Kesri” “Dainik Jagran” etc.
Attain the confidence level:
When you have the confidence, that you can do anything, you increase the chances of getting success. Stay confident that whatever question may be you can answer every question easily. You can use least available knowledge wisely to answer a question. It is all about smart work which general studies demand.
Being the civil service candidates, you must have gained ample of knowledge in almost all the areas by now. You must be busy in preparing for general studies and sometimes may get frustrated with a lot to study. Since, if you are cool-headed you just need to stay relaxed and know the tips to crack the exam. in this article we will discuss the strategy required to get success in General studies. Additionally, this can help the candidates score well in optionals also.
How to organize General studies part:
Practice, as if you are appearing in the final examination:
- Prepare complete question papers and Start practicing them from the view point of final examination. Hence, you will learn time management and will not face any difficulty on the final day.
- If you fail to make it on time, try again and again until you make it.
- Don’t over exceed the word count, it will be wastage of time and space as well.
Show perfection in your answers:
- Scoring depends on how perfectly you answer your question, but smartness is to include the relevant information only in your answers.
Time Management:
It is very essential to manage the time while attempting your question paper. If you fail to do so, you develop the chances of failure in the examination.
Determine your writing skills:
- Check, the number of words you write on a single page as it will be easy for you to guess how many words you have written.
- Check out if your hand is not fast at writing.
- Make sure your writing is legible.
- Present your paper to catch the maximum attention.
- Use figures, diagrams and flowcharts to make your answers stand out and boost easy understanding of your thought.
- Question paper will include tags like: Comment, describe, discuss. Elaborate, Evaluate, Explain, Examine, Critically Appreciate, etc. understand the tags carefully before writing the answers.
Frame your answers in mind first:
It is necessary to catch the nerve of the question first before answering it. Then organize the answer in mind and start writing. It will ultimately check you from penning down irrelevant stuff.
Take part in group discussions:
Taking part in group discussions can help you give your thoughts a final shape. When the group of people is speaking on the same issue, there are chances of catching different information and different point of views from the group of people. Eventually, you improve your level of thinking as well as clarification level of your mind.
Read Newspapers:
General studies cover current affairs so the newspapers can serve as the best resource to stay updated and get the current information. The Hindu is the highly recommended newspaper. Along with this candidates can also go through Punjabi newspaper” Punjab Kesri” “Dainik Jagran” etc.
Attain the confidence level:
When you have the confidence, that you can do anything, you increase the chances of getting success. Stay confident that whatever question may be you can answer every question easily. You can use least available knowledge wisely to answer a question. It is all about smart work which general studies demand.
Philosophy Books
List of books of philosophy
1. Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality.
2. Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom.
3. Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self and God; skepticism.
4. Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God.
5. Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism.
6. Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defense of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and Showing.
7. Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.
8. Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.
9. Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.
10. Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger) : Existence and Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the –world and Temporality. 11. Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
11. Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
12. Chârvâka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.
13. Jainism : Theory of Reality; Saptabhaoginaya; Bondage and Liberation.
14. Schools of Buddhism: Pratityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.
15. Nyâya- Vaiúesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramâna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
16. Sâmkhya: Prakrti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.
17. Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
18. Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge.
19. Schools of Vedant: Brahman; luvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avidya; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda.
20. Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
PAPER – II
Socio-Political Philosophy :
1. Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty.
2. Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
3. Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability
4. Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.
5. Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
6. Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
7. Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment.
8. Development and Social Progress.
9. Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowernment.
10. Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar
Philosophy of Religion:
1. Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian and Western).
2. Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western).
3. Problem of Evil.
4. Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
5. Reason, Revelation and Faith.
6. Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western).
7. Religion without God.
8. Religion and Morality.
9. Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.
10. Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist and Non- cognitive.
List of books of philosophy
1. Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality.
2. Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom.
3. Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self and God; skepticism.
4. Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God.
5. Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism.
6. Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defense of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and Showing.
7. Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.
8. Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.
9. Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.
10. Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger) : Existence and Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the –world and Temporality. 11. Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
11. Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
12. Chârvâka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.
13. Jainism : Theory of Reality; Saptabhaoginaya; Bondage and Liberation.
14. Schools of Buddhism: Pratityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.
15. Nyâya- Vaiúesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramâna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
16. Sâmkhya: Prakrti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.
17. Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
18. Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge.
19. Schools of Vedant: Brahman; luvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avidya; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda.
20. Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
PAPER – II
Socio-Political Philosophy :
1. Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty.
2. Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
3. Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability
4. Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.
5. Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
6. Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
7. Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment.
8. Development and Social Progress.
9. Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowernment.
10. Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar
Philosophy of Religion:
1. Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian and Western).
2. Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western).
3. Problem of Evil.
4. Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
5. Reason, Revelation and Faith.
6. Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western).
7. Religion without God.
8. Religion and Morality.
9. Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.
10. Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist and Non- cognitive.
PCS Preliminary
Tips to Prepare for Prelims
Prelims are the first stage of PCS exam and clearing this exam decides if you are eligible to appear in the MAINS examination. However, prelims score is not considered for the final merit result, but it is important to clear this level to be able to sit in the next level of examination. Hence, following are a few tips to clear the prelims:
Study the syllabus properly:
Candidates are required to study the prelims syllabus carefully. In case there are any changes in the syllabus, aspirants shall go through it properly and do not get panic. Appropriate knowledge of the syllabus and awareness about the change will help the candidates plan their studies properly.
Don’t take Prelims lightly:
Knowing that the scores of prelims are not added in the final merit score, people often start taking this exam lightly, thinking just the passing marks are required. Since, this mistake is literally the wastage of time as the things studied for prelims are useful for other levels also.
Study with a strategy:
Both the papers are designed from different prospective, so the candidates are required to strategize the study carefully. Paper-l focuses on memory and retention skills whereas paper-ll targets to check out the reasoning and analytical skills.
Prepare your short notes:
Candidates are required to prepare their short notes, flash cards and handy notes to keep the thing in mind and study them in future easily.
Widely Study at prelims level:
It is wise to widely study at prelims level as it saves time while preparing for the MAINS exam.
Read the necessary Books
Aspirants are suggested to study all the NCERT books from 6th to 12th standard. However, it is advised to skim the material, but not to miss out the important study material.
Study the current affairs:
Current affairs are important to read. A candidate can easily stay updated by reading quality newspaper, journals and other magazines.
Hence, Prelims exam does not consider marks for final merit list, but studies done at this level play a great role in cracking IAS exam.
Tips to Prepare for Prelims
Prelims are the first stage of PCS exam and clearing this exam decides if you are eligible to appear in the MAINS examination. However, prelims score is not considered for the final merit result, but it is important to clear this level to be able to sit in the next level of examination. Hence, following are a few tips to clear the prelims:
Study the syllabus properly:
Candidates are required to study the prelims syllabus carefully. In case there are any changes in the syllabus, aspirants shall go through it properly and do not get panic. Appropriate knowledge of the syllabus and awareness about the change will help the candidates plan their studies properly.
Don’t take Prelims lightly:
Knowing that the scores of prelims are not added in the final merit score, people often start taking this exam lightly, thinking just the passing marks are required. Since, this mistake is literally the wastage of time as the things studied for prelims are useful for other levels also.
Study with a strategy:
Both the papers are designed from different prospective, so the candidates are required to strategize the study carefully. Paper-l focuses on memory and retention skills whereas paper-ll targets to check out the reasoning and analytical skills.
Prepare your short notes:
Candidates are required to prepare their short notes, flash cards and handy notes to keep the thing in mind and study them in future easily.
Widely Study at prelims level:
It is wise to widely study at prelims level as it saves time while preparing for the MAINS exam.
Read the necessary Books
Aspirants are suggested to study all the NCERT books from 6th to 12th standard. However, it is advised to skim the material, but not to miss out the important study material.
Study the current affairs:
Current affairs are important to read. A candidate can easily stay updated by reading quality newspaper, journals and other magazines.
Hence, Prelims exam does not consider marks for final merit list, but studies done at this level play a great role in cracking IAS exam.
PCS Exams Tips
Tips to crack the PCS exam:
In Punjab, the candidates who are aspiring for civil services are always trying to give the government exams. Among all others, PCS is the most popular exam in Punjab to be the part of government service. A great number of people appear in it every year and the number is increasing with a great pace. Hence, people do a lot of preparations to clear the exam, but a few tips can help more to crack it. Working on the following aspects of preparation can be the major reason to rock in the examination.
Know the history and geography of the state:
In view of the fact that PCS exams are the state exams, it is something very important for the appearing candidates to have the perfect knowledge of the history as well as the geography of the particular state.
Gear up yourself to work hard:
It’s not easy to crack any civil service exam as the difficulty level of the exam is quite high. So, the candidate needs to be mentally prepared to face all the hard levels and gear up oneself to work hard from every possible end.
Boost up your general knowledge:
The candidates are required to pay exclusive attention on the general knowledge part. However, there are many PCS exam books in the market that especially focus to increase the G.K level of the candidates, but your ever ready attitude to grasp the new things can add more to enhance the level of general information.
Stay updated about the state affairs:
Since, it is a state exam the candidate should have all the updated knowledge about the place as the question paper may have the questions asking for the right answers related to the current affairs, major incidents, accidents, actions or changes of the particular state. In that case, national newspaper can help better to stay updated about all the happening in and around the globe. Hence, it shows your interest in other subjects and is a plus point to crack the interview.
Master the regional language:
While, PCS is the state exam so it is mandatory for the candidate to master the regional language. For example: if the candidate appears on the exam in Punjab state, he must have sufficient knowledge of the regional language, i.e. Punjabi.
Keep the time frame in mind:
Since, the exam is very time consuming, so it is essential for the candidates to manage the time. With better time management, you are likely to get the better results. Moreover, in MAINS it is important for you to answer all the questions on time.
Solve the last year question papers:
If you are seriously preparing for the PCS exam, you cannot skip to practice the last year question papers. If not much, you at least get an idea about the style and the difficulty level of the PCS exam. As we know that practice makes a man perfect, solving these question papers can bring perfection from many aspects of making you comfortable with the pattern and style of it.
An expert or the guide adds to the efforts:
No doubt, it’s all your effort that decides your failure or success, but a little guidance from experts can add to the quality of preparation. It is a bonus, if you get the perfect guide to help you put efforts correctly.
Even with all this preparation, it is essential for you to keep the positive attitude and a strong will power to endure the civil exams with flying colors.
Tips to crack the PCS exam:
In Punjab, the candidates who are aspiring for civil services are always trying to give the government exams. Among all others, PCS is the most popular exam in Punjab to be the part of government service. A great number of people appear in it every year and the number is increasing with a great pace. Hence, people do a lot of preparations to clear the exam, but a few tips can help more to crack it. Working on the following aspects of preparation can be the major reason to rock in the examination.
Know the history and geography of the state:
In view of the fact that PCS exams are the state exams, it is something very important for the appearing candidates to have the perfect knowledge of the history as well as the geography of the particular state.
Gear up yourself to work hard:
It’s not easy to crack any civil service exam as the difficulty level of the exam is quite high. So, the candidate needs to be mentally prepared to face all the hard levels and gear up oneself to work hard from every possible end.
Boost up your general knowledge:
The candidates are required to pay exclusive attention on the general knowledge part. However, there are many PCS exam books in the market that especially focus to increase the G.K level of the candidates, but your ever ready attitude to grasp the new things can add more to enhance the level of general information.
Stay updated about the state affairs:
Since, it is a state exam the candidate should have all the updated knowledge about the place as the question paper may have the questions asking for the right answers related to the current affairs, major incidents, accidents, actions or changes of the particular state. In that case, national newspaper can help better to stay updated about all the happening in and around the globe. Hence, it shows your interest in other subjects and is a plus point to crack the interview.
Master the regional language:
While, PCS is the state exam so it is mandatory for the candidate to master the regional language. For example: if the candidate appears on the exam in Punjab state, he must have sufficient knowledge of the regional language, i.e. Punjabi.
Keep the time frame in mind:
Since, the exam is very time consuming, so it is essential for the candidates to manage the time. With better time management, you are likely to get the better results. Moreover, in MAINS it is important for you to answer all the questions on time.
Solve the last year question papers:
If you are seriously preparing for the PCS exam, you cannot skip to practice the last year question papers. If not much, you at least get an idea about the style and the difficulty level of the PCS exam. As we know that practice makes a man perfect, solving these question papers can bring perfection from many aspects of making you comfortable with the pattern and style of it.
An expert or the guide adds to the efforts:
No doubt, it’s all your effort that decides your failure or success, but a little guidance from experts can add to the quality of preparation. It is a bonus, if you get the perfect guide to help you put efforts correctly.
Even with all this preparation, it is essential for you to keep the positive attitude and a strong will power to endure the civil exams with flying colors.
Book List
1. GS1 (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
- India’s Struggle for Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Facets of Indian Culture by Spectrum
- History of Modern World by Jain and Mathur OR Norman Lowe
- A New Look at Modern Indian History by BL Grover
- Social Problems In India by Ram Ahuja
- India Since Independence by Bipin Chandra
- A History of Modern World by Ranjan Chakravarti
- Certificate Physical and Human Geography by Goh Cheng Leong
- Indian and World Geography by Majid Hussain
- NCERTs of class XI and XII
- India: Development and Participation by Amartya Sen and Jean Dreze
- India After Gandhi by Ramchandra Guha
2. GS2 (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)
- India’s Struggle for Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Facets of Indian Culture by Spectrum
- An Introduction to the Constitution of India by D.D. Basu
- A New Look at Modern Indian History by BL Grover
- India Since Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Our Constitution by Dr. Subhash Kashyap
- India’s Foreign Policy by Muchkund Dubey
- Pax Indica – Shashi Tharoor
- A History of Modern World by Ranjan Chakravarti
3. GS3 (Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
- Indian Economy by Ramesh Singh
- Tata Mc Graw Hill Guide
- Indian Economy: Performance and Policies by Uma Kapila
- Reports of the Ministry of Science and Technology by Yojana
- Science and Technology in India by Spectrum
- Biology and Geography NCERT Books plus current events on Environmental Issues
- Economic Survey
- Environment & Ecology: Biodiversity, Climate Change & Disaster Management by Majid Hussain
4. GS4 (Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude)
- Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude for Civil Services Main Examination by Subba Rao
- Ethics in Governance: Innovations Issues and Instrumentalities (English) by Ramesh K Ed Arora
- Quantitative Apitude by R.S. Aggarwal
5. English Language
- Objective General English by R.S. Agarwal
- High School English Grammar and Composition by Wren n Martin
6. Punjabi Language
- Punjabi Vyakaran by Rajesh Sethi
- Introduction to Punjabi: Grammar, Conversation and Literature by G. Mann
7. Essay
- Contemporay Essays by Ramesh Singh OR 151 ESSAYS For UPSC Mains
1. GS1 (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
- India’s Struggle for Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Facets of Indian Culture by Spectrum
- History of Modern World by Jain and Mathur OR Norman Lowe
- A New Look at Modern Indian History by BL Grover
- Social Problems In India by Ram Ahuja
- India Since Independence by Bipin Chandra
- A History of Modern World by Ranjan Chakravarti
- Certificate Physical and Human Geography by Goh Cheng Leong
- Indian and World Geography by Majid Hussain
- NCERTs of class XI and XII
- India: Development and Participation by Amartya Sen and Jean Dreze
- India After Gandhi by Ramchandra Guha
2. GS2 (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)
- India’s Struggle for Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Facets of Indian Culture by Spectrum
- An Introduction to the Constitution of India by D.D. Basu
- A New Look at Modern Indian History by BL Grover
- India Since Independence by Bipin Chandra
- Our Constitution by Dr. Subhash Kashyap
- India’s Foreign Policy by Muchkund Dubey
- Pax Indica – Shashi Tharoor
- A History of Modern World by Ranjan Chakravarti
3. GS3 (Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
- Indian Economy by Ramesh Singh
- Tata Mc Graw Hill Guide
- Indian Economy: Performance and Policies by Uma Kapila
- Reports of the Ministry of Science and Technology by Yojana
- Science and Technology in India by Spectrum
- Biology and Geography NCERT Books plus current events on Environmental Issues
- Economic Survey
- Environment & Ecology: Biodiversity, Climate Change & Disaster Management by Majid Hussain
4. GS4 (Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude)
- Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude for Civil Services Main Examination by Subba Rao
- Ethics in Governance: Innovations Issues and Instrumentalities (English) by Ramesh K Ed Arora
- Quantitative Apitude by R.S. Aggarwal
5. English Language
- Objective General English by R.S. Agarwal
- High School English Grammar and Composition by Wren n Martin
6. Punjabi Language
- Punjabi Vyakaran by Rajesh Sethi
- Introduction to Punjabi: Grammar, Conversation and Literature by G. Mann
7. Essay
- Contemporay Essays by Ramesh Singh OR 151 ESSAYS For UPSC Mains
Secrets of Success
Secret of Success in Punjab Civil Service Exam
Every year the Punjab government takes civil service exam to employ the candidates in the Government sector and it’s obviously not everybody’s cup of tea to clear this exam. Though, all the candidates are having the required books, attend coaching, work hard, devote time and are dedicated to clear the exam, but very few of them are able to crack it. There are students who say they studied for the entire day, but could not make it to MAINS. On the other hand, aspirants who studied for 8-9 hours a day get success in MAINS. It’s all about how you study and not about for how long you study. Civil service exam is more about smart work and organized study.
There are a lot of secrets that the aspirants need to know to make in civil services exam as a perfect strategy can bring success:
Know the basics:
Civil service exam covers a vast syllabus and this is the reason that it’s a Herculean task to get success in these exams. So, as a general rule of thumb, it’s important for the candidate to know all the basics of the exam one appears in. One can go through the scheme of the exam, syllabus, changes in the syllabus changes in the pattern, marking scheme, eligibility criteria, etc. thoroughly to avoid any mistake. In addition to it reading previous year papers, previous year results and toppers success stories can be a great help.
Check out the syllabus and schedule:
Knowing the syllabus makes 20% of your work easier as you get to know what to study and what not to study. The first thing that any aspirant requires to check out is if there is any change in the syllabus. Change is not a problem as the candidates are selected on the basis of the creativity, skills, smart attitude and innovative mind. Hence, the syllabus is also designed accordingly.
Pay equal time to optional subjects:
Candidates are required to choose any two optionals for MAINS. Some candidates choose same optional subjects for prelims and for MAINS while, some choose different optional subjects for Prelims and two different optional subjects for MAINS. It is also noted that the candidates who have chosen the same optionals for prelims as well as MAINS bother to pay less time on optional subjects thinking, they have already studied the subject for prelims and just need to read the things again. There are chances that the candidate who had scored 300 marks in prelims may get more than that in MAINS. All that is needed is the balanced approach towards both the subjects.
Learn the knack of presenting answers:
No doubt, unique things are always admired and help win over the situation and similarly civil service examination demands exclusive responses. There are students who say they have done very well in the examination, but fail to clear MAINS. Candidates often make the mistake of answering the questions soon after reading two to three words of the question and that ways there is possibility of answering wrong. The Knack of answering or presenting your paper comes not with the quantity of stuff you have read, but by using those limited readings in a tactful manner. One must read the question paper carefully and then answer the questions. Moreover, they must not make the mistake of overwriting the answers and waste time. These are the tricks that make your answer sheet stand among others and clear the MAINS.
Stay Updated:
Current affairs play major role in clearing the civil service examination. Reading magazines, newspapers and other current affairs books can be a great help. Candidates must go through previous year question papers to judge the type of questions asked from current affairs and be ready to answer considerately to those answers.
Importance of selective study:
Candidates are required to know the importance of selective study. When the vast syllabus of examination comes in front of them, they feel themselves under the clouds and it is essential to overcome that situation. If the candidates will go on reading the entire syllabus it will take one complete year and by that time exams will be on the head. Since, the candidates need to select what to study to make MAINS.
Civil exams are not about reading more and more books rather; it’s about reading a few books and gaining more from them. It’s about planning your studies, selecting the right stuff to read, staying updated and presenting your knowledge exclusively. Following the above mentioned secrets of success can help a lo0t in cracking the civil service exam.
A brief introduction of PPSC
The term PCS stands for Punjab Civil Services. It is the entrance exam held to recruit the candidates of a particular province for the civil service posts. These posts are governed by the state government and it is out of question to transfer the candidate in another state, once enlisted in PCS.
This competitive exam is held every year by PPSC (Punjab Public Service Commission) which is a government organization in charge of employing and managing the civil services. PPSC basically recruit deserving candidates to fill up the available government posts of Tehsildar, Deputy Superintendent of Police, etc. This exam is a gateway to get employment in the government sector.
Historical background of PPSC:
The Public Commission came into existence for the first time in British India in 1926. Later on after independence, in 1947 the commission was set up in Pakistan. Currently, the commission is working under article 242 of the constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The Punjab public service commission consists of a chairman and other members. The Islamic republic of Pakistan
At present, the commission is functioning under article 242 of the constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It has been provided autonomy under the Rules of Business, 1973 and FPSC Regulations, 1978 in its working. The Commission has also been given administrative as well as, to some extent, financial autonomy to perform its functions independently. The Commission consists of a Chairman and Members. The Chairman is appointed by the President of Islamic republic of Pakistan, in his discretion, under Article 242 (IA) of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973. The members are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister of Pakistan. The Commission is assisted by the Secretary who provides a link among the Commission, its Secretariat and the Government Agencies.
The term of the office of members is as follow:
1) A Member of the Commission shall hold office for a fixed term from the date on which he enters upon office and shall not be eligible for re-appointment.
2) A Member may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the President.
PROTECTION OF SERVICE OF THE COMMISSION The Commission may work without the interference of the Government or any other pressure, as Member of the Commission cannot be removed from his office without the advice of the Supreme Judicial Council of Pakistan, which consists of ;
i) Chief Justice of Pakistan
ii) Two next most senior Judges of the Supreme Court of Pakistan
iii) Two senior most Chief Justice of High court, (Section 6 of FPSC Ordinance, 1977 & article 209 of the Constitution). In view of above protection a Member of the Commission can, therefore, work without any pressure. COMPOSITION OF THE COMMISSION The Commission consists of a Chairman and the Members. The Chairman is appointed by the President of Islamic republic of Pakistan, in his discretion, under Article 242 (IA) of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973. The members are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister of Pakistan. The Commission is assisted by the Secretary who provides a link among the Commission, its Secretariat and the Government Agencies.
Secret of Success in Punjab Civil Service Exam
Every year the Punjab government takes civil service exam to employ the candidates in the Government sector and it’s obviously not everybody’s cup of tea to clear this exam. Though, all the candidates are having the required books, attend coaching, work hard, devote time and are dedicated to clear the exam, but very few of them are able to crack it. There are students who say they studied for the entire day, but could not make it to MAINS. On the other hand, aspirants who studied for 8-9 hours a day get success in MAINS. It’s all about how you study and not about for how long you study. Civil service exam is more about smart work and organized study.
There are a lot of secrets that the aspirants need to know to make in civil services exam as a perfect strategy can bring success:
Know the basics:
Civil service exam covers a vast syllabus and this is the reason that it’s a Herculean task to get success in these exams. So, as a general rule of thumb, it’s important for the candidate to know all the basics of the exam one appears in. One can go through the scheme of the exam, syllabus, changes in the syllabus changes in the pattern, marking scheme, eligibility criteria, etc. thoroughly to avoid any mistake. In addition to it reading previous year papers, previous year results and toppers success stories can be a great help.
Check out the syllabus and schedule:
Knowing the syllabus makes 20% of your work easier as you get to know what to study and what not to study. The first thing that any aspirant requires to check out is if there is any change in the syllabus. Change is not a problem as the candidates are selected on the basis of the creativity, skills, smart attitude and innovative mind. Hence, the syllabus is also designed accordingly.
Pay equal time to optional subjects:
Candidates are required to choose any two optionals for MAINS. Some candidates choose same optional subjects for prelims and for MAINS while, some choose different optional subjects for Prelims and two different optional subjects for MAINS. It is also noted that the candidates who have chosen the same optionals for prelims as well as MAINS bother to pay less time on optional subjects thinking, they have already studied the subject for prelims and just need to read the things again. There are chances that the candidate who had scored 300 marks in prelims may get more than that in MAINS. All that is needed is the balanced approach towards both the subjects.
Learn the knack of presenting answers:
No doubt, unique things are always admired and help win over the situation and similarly civil service examination demands exclusive responses. There are students who say they have done very well in the examination, but fail to clear MAINS. Candidates often make the mistake of answering the questions soon after reading two to three words of the question and that ways there is possibility of answering wrong. The Knack of answering or presenting your paper comes not with the quantity of stuff you have read, but by using those limited readings in a tactful manner. One must read the question paper carefully and then answer the questions. Moreover, they must not make the mistake of overwriting the answers and waste time. These are the tricks that make your answer sheet stand among others and clear the MAINS.
Stay Updated:
Current affairs play major role in clearing the civil service examination. Reading magazines, newspapers and other current affairs books can be a great help. Candidates must go through previous year question papers to judge the type of questions asked from current affairs and be ready to answer considerately to those answers.
Importance of selective study:
Candidates are required to know the importance of selective study. When the vast syllabus of examination comes in front of them, they feel themselves under the clouds and it is essential to overcome that situation. If the candidates will go on reading the entire syllabus it will take one complete year and by that time exams will be on the head. Since, the candidates need to select what to study to make MAINS.
Civil exams are not about reading more and more books rather; it’s about reading a few books and gaining more from them. It’s about planning your studies, selecting the right stuff to read, staying updated and presenting your knowledge exclusively. Following the above mentioned secrets of success can help a lo0t in cracking the civil service exam.
How to Follow Up After Submitting a Resume
You sent your resume to a company you'd love to interview with, but you haven't heard back right away. What should you do next? You can either wait patiently, presuming the employer will contact you if they are interested, or you can choose to follow up with the hiring manager.
Following up in a courteous, professional way can make you stand out in a positive light, by showing the employer just how interested you are in the job.
If you can get in touch with a contact person, reaching out can help get your resume a closer look.
Here are tips for the best way to follow up by phone or email.
How to Follow Up on Your Resume
If you don't hear back from the hiring manager within two weeks, it may be worth following up. Employers and recruiters usually prefer follow-up by email. That way they have a record of the correspondence, and can respond at a convenient time.
If no email address is listed, you can try sending a paper letter or calling the company. If no email address or phone number are listed, or the posting says not to contact the employer, follow the instructions and wait to (hopefully) hear from them.
Send an Email to Follow-Up
When sending a follow-up email message, put the title of the position that you applied for and your name in the subject line so that the hiring manager can see at a glance what the email is in reference to.
Begin your email with a polite salutation, using the hiring manager’s name.
If you are unsure of the gender of the hiring manager, you can use their first and last name. Your signature should include a business closing, after thanking the employer for their consideration.
Subject: Job Title - Your Firstname Lastname.
Dear Mr./Ms. Lastname,
Body of the message. (see samples below)
Thank you for your consideration.
Regards,
Your Firstname LastName
Email
Phone Number
Phone Number
Write a Follow-Up Letter
If you are writing a paper letter to follow up with the hiring manager, follow the format of a standard business letter. Start with the hiring manager’s name, title, and company address. Be sure to include the date, and begin your letter with a professional salutation and the hiring manager’s name.
Finish your letter by expressing your appreciation, using an appropriate closing, and including your signature and contact information.
Firstname Lastname
Hiring Manager
ABC Company, Inc.
10 Main Street
Anycity, Anystate 11111
Hiring Manager
ABC Company, Inc.
10 Main Street
Anycity, Anystate 11111
October 14, 2015
Dear Mr. Lastname,
Body of the letter. (see samples below)
I appreciate your time and consideration.
Sincerely,
Your Signature
Your Firstname Lastname
Address
Email
Phone Number
Address
Phone Number
Make a Follow-Up Phone Call
When following up with a phone call, try early or late in the day, because people are less likely to be in meetings then. Try calling once or twice before leaving a brief message with your name, and the job title you applied for. Thank the employer for their consideration, and say you’d be happy to clarify any information on your resume.
Leave your phone number, so it’s handy for them to call you back.
If you reach the hiring manager, be brief and to the point. Let him or her know your name and what position you applied for, then ask them to please contact you if there is anything they would like you to clarify or any additional information they need. Thank them for their time and consideration, and politely ask if you can give them a phone number where they can reach you.
Examples of What to Say
In your follow-up, it’s important to be as courteous and professional as possible. Any contact you have with the hiring manager has the potential to enhance - or harm - your chances of moving along in the hiring process. Let the employer know how interested you are in the position, and how eager you are to meet for an interview.
Be sure to thank them for reviewing your resume and application materials.
You can also ask questions about what to expect as the company moves toward a decision.
You can take the opportunity to add or clarify any information about your qualifications that you would like to highlight, or briefly share new information that adds to your candidacy. If you are applying for an out of town position and you plan to visit the company’s location, mention the time frame and your eagerness to meet – ask if it’s possible to arrange an interview during your visit.
Some of the things you could say are:
- What are the next steps in the recruiting process?
- Will all candidates be contacted?
- Do you need any additional information about my candidacy?
- How many candidates are you going to interview?
- I’m pleased to let you know that I graduated cum laude from XYZ College in May, and am looking forward to meeting with you to share what I can offer ABC Industries.
- I wanted to let you know that my article on the implications of social media marketing for millennials was recently published in the Harvard Business Review.
- I’ll be traveling to Milwaukee on May 15 and staying for a week, ahead of our move in July, and would welcome the opportunity to meet with you then.
PCS Essay
Tips to write an Essay for MAINS examination
The essay paper consists of two sections A and B, with 4 questions in each section. The candidates are required to answer them in 1000-2000 words for total marks of 250 (125×2) in the civil services main examination. It is very important to prepare this part of examination as it is a compulsory paper and its score is undertaken for final merit score.
Remember your words, reflect your personality:
The essay part of this examination simply focuses to check out the person’s thoughts and personality. There are general topics given to write on, but these general topics demand your views. It is not less than a challenge. However, the words of your essay reflect the personality, ideas, values, reasoning power and many other traits of an aspirant.
Essentials of essay:
An essay is deemed as a complete paper checking and reflecting on your personality. Since, every writing needs some important things to not to be missed. Similarly, Proper structure, framework, Relevant content, language, presentation, logic, analysis, etc. are the essentials of essay writing.
Concentrate on writing:
Generally, there is a set format of writing down an essay like Introduction, the main content or the body of an essay and finally conclusion or summing up the whole content. Along with this there are many writing skills that need to be taken care of while writing.
Be concise and precise:
An essay which is concise and precise in nature always gets much attention. Candidates are suggested to write down to the point things, without exaggerating the information.
Avoid repetition:
Repetition in any ways is not admired. It just takes your space and time. Try to write down ample of ideas rather than repeating the same things in your essay.
Avoid Jargons:
The essay must not contain any vernacular that is hard to be understood by the common mass. If your article contains vernaculars, the reader looses interest in your essay and you fail to grab marks for the same.
Make your beginning and ending impressive:
An essay is worth reading or not, this can be judged initially. So, the candidate requires making an impressive introduction to catch the attention. In short, an essay’s introduction must reveal what you are going to include in it further.
The last paragraph of your essay or so called introduction also needs to be equally impressive. A common way to design a conclusion is to sum up the things in an organized manner and give it a final touch, leaving the reader think about your words. Remember, conclusion must not contain any fresh figure or new information because that gives a touch as if something is not complete.
PCS Interview
Tips to crack IAS interview
Interview is the last stage to crack the civil service exam. It is taken to test the entire personality of an aspirant and find out if he/she is suitable to be granted the job on a particular post. In an interview one head and other expert members of the field sit and check out the personality of the candidate through interaction. This interview covers academic as well as non academic question. A few tips to crack the examination can really help get the desired results.
Start your preparation at an early stage:
Because there is no set syllabus of this section, candidates feel relaxed and get careless till this stage. Since, they shall start preparing for interview at least three to four months prior to the final interview day.
Avoid Nervousness:
Candidates are often afraid of appearing in an interview and get nervous. While, they shall be confident enough to be the part of that interview, because if they have cleared MAINS they are definitely intelligent to crack this last stage of examination as well. Since, there’s a great need of staying confident during an interview.
Respect the interview Committee:
It is very important to be in the good books of the commission taking your interview. The moment you enter the interview room, you are supposed to wish or greet the interviewers properly. They are definitely going to consider mannerism as criteria of selection and find out the suitable candidate. So, take courtesy seriously.
Remember you MAINS exam answers:
Of course, you have reached the third level of examination after clearing your MAINS exam, so there is no meaning of forgetting what you have mentioned there in your MAINS answers. Interviewers are having a record of Your MAINS sheet, so they can simply ask anything to find out the authenticity of your written words.
Stay positive:
The interview committee is obviously looking for a positive candidate to run the administration successfully. So, it is essential for you to stay positive and confident about whatever you say.
Language command:
As interview is all about interaction, so it very important for the candidate to chose the right medium of language. Medium of the language really does not matter in an interview, but what matters is the command over the language and a comfort level with the language to interact.
Be a patient listener:
It is very important to have patience to listen to the things. An interviewer must develop the listening skills to successfully crack the interview. Simply, don’t interrupt the interviewee while he is asking you any question. Listen carefully and then only answer the questions.
Speak your heart:
An interviewee needs to maintain the honesty level while answering the questions. If you are not being yourself, there are no chances of selection. Moreover, there are chances of getting more nervous if you are telling a lie.
Prepare an answer for: Why you want to join Civil service?
The very first question that any interviewer is going to ask is why you want to join civil service. Since, the candidate must be ready with an honest answer to this question to easily answer it.
Hope these tips will prove to be helpful to crack the final stage of examination and be the next to serve the nation.
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